We think you have liked this presentation. If you wish to download it, please recommend it to your friends in any social system. Share buttons are a little bit lower. Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding by Magdalen Hunt Modified over 3 years ago. Asexual reproduction - involves only one parent - no special reproductive organs or cells involved - Genetically identical offspring are produced - Production of offspring is simple, direct and rapid 2.
Most species only change sex once in their development. As a result, these organism still need another individual at the opposite stage for fertiliZation.
Inferred to be highly advantageous? Sexual reproduction is more common among animals b.
Preludii sexuale
Sexual organisms produce more novel genotypes to survive in times of environmental change d. Asexual organisms Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding have more offspring in a short time to colonize new environments e. In crowded habitats, selection is intense and diversity prevents extinction f. On a geological time scale, asexual lineages with less variation are prone to extinction g. Many invertebrates with both sexual and asexual modes enjoy the advantages of both.
Testes carry out spermatogenesis; ovaries carry out oogenesis.
Outermost layers are spermatogonia - diploid cells increased by mitosis d. Spermatids transform into mature spermatozoa sperm. Sperm greatly outnumber eggs. Accumulation of yolk granules and nutrients cause eggs to grow massively beyond normal cell size. Paired testes - sites of sperm production Testes contain numerous seminiferous tubules where sperm develop.
Sperm are surrounded by Sertoli cells that nourish developing sperm 4. Between tubules are interstitial cells Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding cells that produce testosterone. A sac-like scrotum suspends testes outside the warm body cavity; lower temperature of scrotum is vital to normal sperm production 6.
Sperm pass from the testes to vasa efferentia and to coiled epididymis for maturation. The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to the urethra, where it exits the penis. The penis is a copulatory organ used to introduce spermatozoa into the female vagina. Seminal vesicles, prostate gland and bulbourethral glands form seminal fluid.
Seminal vesicles secrete a thick fluid containing nutrients for use by sperm. The prostate gland secretes a milky, slightly alkaline solution that counters acidity.
Bulbourethral glands release mucus secretions that provide lubrication. Ovaries - produce ova and sex hormones; estrogen and progesterone 2. Jawed vertebrates - mature ova from ovaries enter funnel-like uterine Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding or oviducts 3. Terminal end of uterine tube is specialized in cartilaginous fishes, reptiles and birds to produce shelled eggs; special regions produce albumin and shell 4.
The terminal portion uterine tube expands into a muscular uterus. Shelled eggs may be retained Embryos may complete their development Placental mammals use the walls of the uterus to intermingle vascular tissue as a placenta. Ovaries are paired and slightly smaller than male testes.
Labia majora and labia minora enclose urethral and vaginal openings. The clitoris is a small erectile organ equivalent to the glans penis of male.
Budding: Budding, in biology, a... Vertebrate reproduction is seasonal or cyclic to align with food supply and survival of young 2. Sexual cycles are controlled by hormones Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding respond to food intake, photoperiod, rainfall, temperature or social cues 3.
The hypothalamus region of the forebrain regulates the release of anterior pituitary gland hormones, which stimulate tissues of the gonads. The estrous cycle ends with uterine lining reverting to original state; there is no menstruation Menstrual Cycles a.
This cycle occurs in monkeys, apes and Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding
b. Females are receptive to males throughout the cycle. At the end of the menstrual cycle the endometrium uterine lining is discharged. Ovaries produce estrogens and progesterone. Secondary non-reproductive characteristics include 1 skin or feather coloration 2 bone development 3 body size, and initial development of mammary glands in mammals Both estrogen and progesterone prepare the uterus to receive an embryo The hypothalamus produces gonadotropin releasing hormone GnRH - governs pituitary release of follicle-stimulating hormone FSH and luteinizing hormone LH.
Interstitial cells - manufacture testosterone. Testosterone and its metabolite dihydrotestosterone DHT are required for growth of the penis, sperm ducts, and glands, and secondary sexual traits c. Secondary non-reproductive characteristics include 1 male plumage and pelage coloration, 2 bone and muscle growth, 3 antlers in deer, and 4 vocal cord growth in humans d.
Description Sertoli cells of testes secrete inhibin; regulates FSH of anterior pituitary. Some give birth only to one at a time; they are uniparous. Exceptions occur; the armadillo gives birth to four young, all male or all female, derived from one zygote 4. Monozygotic, or identical, twins are derived from one zygote; they have identical genomes 5. Fraternal, dizygotic or nonidentical, twins are from two zygotes Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding may not Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding
each other any more than other siblings.
Two-thirds share a placenta and splitting occurred after formation of the inner cell mass, but most have individual amniotic sacs. Sexual reproduction Two parents- each parent contributes half of its genetic information to the offspring Maintains variety within a species. Sexual Reproduction The process of sexual reproduction involves two parents. My presentations Profile Feedback Log out. Auth with social network: Registration Forgot your password?
The asexually reproduction occurs in... Download ppt "The Reproductive Process…". Reproduction and Development How are humans made? About project SlidePlayer Terms of Service. Feedback Privacy Policy Feedback. To make this website work, we log user data and share it with processors.
Gemmulation: sponge: Asexual reproduction: best... To use this website, you must agree to our Privacy Policyincluding "Gemmulation asexual reproduction budding" policy. Useful notes on Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction are described below: 2. Multiple fission. 3. Gemmulation. 4. Budding. 5. Fragmentation. 6. Gemmulation: sponge: Asexual reproduction: best known method is called gemmulation. Gemmulation begins when aggregates of cells, mostly archaeocytes.
The asexually reproduction occurs in a process called budding. Budding Picture. The Yellow Sponge can only reproduce asexually through gemmulation.
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